A dental implant
is typically a small screw shaped attachment usually
made from titanium. It is inserted within the
jawbone to take the place of a missing tooth root. Once osseointegration (when
the bone attaches firmly to the implant) has occurred,
a replacement tooth can be secured to the top of the
implant. This new tooth can look, feel and perform
just like a natural tooth. It is also possible
to use multiple implants to support a denture or bridge.
What Are
The Benefits Of Implants?
Implant secured or stabilised
replacement teeth are more comfortable than conventional
dentures because there is no slipping or movement. This
eliminates some of the key worries of dentures
and improves self confidence.
Dental implants are the alternative
to bridgework for permanently replacing missing
teeth, eliminating the need to grind down healthy
teeth.
When teeth are missing the
surrounding bone begins to shrink. Dental
implants can help to maintain the shape and structure
of the jaw bone
What Is Involved
In The Implant Process?
The implant process
normally involves several steps that take place over
a period of time from three to nine months. Although
there are various implant treatment methods, a typical
process often includes:
Assessment Planning – At
this initial consultation, x-rays and preliminary
models may be taken, and then a written plan
will be produced which will detail the sequence
of treatment and its cost.
Implant Placement – A
relatively simple minor surgical procedure that
is performed under sterile conditions in the
dental surgery under local anaesthesia, and if
indicated, supplemented by conscious sedation.
Integration Period – Although
some implants can be loaded into function immediately
or soon after surgery, it is more usual that
a period of three months or more be allowed for
the implant to fully integrate before loading. Your
own denture or a simple adhesive bridge can be
worn during the healing process.
The Restorative Phase – Once
integrated, the implants may need to be uncovered
and can be brought into function with a variety
of restorations. The replacement teeth
are constructed by a specialist dental laboratory
working closely with the dentist.
Maintenance – To
maintain the health of the soft tissue, bone
levels, and the integrity of the restoration,
the patient must clean thoroughly around the
implants as instructed by the dentist, and should
regularly attend for reviews.
Q Are implants safe?
A Implants
are a well-established, tried-and-tested treatment. 90
per cent of modern implants last for at least 15 years.
Q I have some of
my own teeth. Can I still have implants?
A Yes. You
can have any number of teeth replaced with implants – from
one single tooth to a complete set.
Q Can implants always
be used to replace missing teeth?
A It
depends on the state of the bone in your jaw. Your
dentist will arrange for a number of special tests
to assess the amount of bone still there. If
there is not enough, or if it isn’t healthy enough,
it may not be possible to place implants without grafting
bone into the area first.
Q Do implants hurt?
A Placing
the implants requires a small operation. This
can be carried out under local anaesthetic with sedation
or with a general anaesthetic. You will not feel
any pain at the time, but you may feel some discomfort
during the week following the surgery. This is
usually due to having stitches in place, and the normal
healing process.
Q Can I have
the new teeth straight away?
A No. The
implants need to bond (integrate) with the bone after
they have been placed. This takes at least 3
months in the lower jaw and 6 months in the upper jaw. If
you are having one, two or three teeth replaced, you
will have a temporary restoration in the meantime. If
you have complete dentures, then you can wear them
throughout the healing period once they have been adjusted
after the surgery.
Q How long does
treatment take?
A It
takes about 12 months from the initial assessment to
the time when the artificial teeth or dentures are
finally attached to the implants. However, if
only the lower jaw is involved then it may only take
around 5 months.
A lot depends on
how complicated your treatment is. Your dentist
will be able to give you a timetable once the surgery
has been done.
Q Are the teeth
difficult to clean?
A Cleaning
around the teeth attached to the implants is no more
difficult than cleaning natural teeth. However,
there may be areas that give you problems and you’ll
be shown methods to help.
Q If I had gum disease
when I had my own teeth, will I get it with the teeth
attached to the implants?
A Yes,
if you don’t care for them well enough. If
you keep them clean, and don’t smoke, then you
should not have any problems.
Q Can I take the
teeth out if they are fixed to implants?
A Most
artificial teeth attached to implants can only be placed
and removed by the dentist. However, if you have
complete dentures fixed to the implants by bars, then
you’ll be able to take them out for cleaning.
Q Do the implants
show?
A Your
dentist will make sure that the implants won’t
show during all normal movements of the mouth and lips. You
will need to be able to see them, so that you can clean
them properly.
Q Do I have an implant
for each missing tooth?
A No,
unless you’re only having a single tooth replaced. Normally,
five or six implants are used to replace all the teeth
in one jaw, as each implant can usually support two
teeth. For a few missing teeth, two or three
implants may be used.
Q What if I get
hit in the face?
A Implants
and the teeth they support can be damaged by an accident
in the same way that natural teeth can. However,
if the false teeth are damaged and the remnants are
left in the bone then they may be more difficult to
remove than natural teeth would be. After healing,
new false teeth can then be placed alongside the fragments.
Q What happens if
the implant does not bond (integrate) with the bone?
A This
happens very rarely. If the implant becomes loose
during the healing period or just after, then it is
easily removed and healing takes place in the normal
way. Once the jaw has healed, another implant
can be placed there. Or, the dentist can make
a bridge, using the implanted false teeth that have ‘taken’.
Q Is the treatment
expensive?
A Unfortunately,
yes. However, in many situations, the cost of
the treatment is only a little more than the cost of
more conventional treatment with crowns and bridges.
There are advantages
to it, too. An implant to replace a single tooth
avoids the need to cut down the teeth either side for
crowns to support a bridge. Normal dentures often
mean you can’t eat or speak well, due to the
dentures moving about. But teeth attached to
an implant don’t cause this problem.
Q Where do I get
this treatment?
A Talk
to your dentist, so you can be referred to a specialist
for assessment and treatment. Your dentist may
already carry out some or all of this type of treatment
and will give you the advice you need.
Remember to ask exactly
what treatment is proposed, what experience the dentist
has in this work, the total cost of the treatment and
what the alternatives are.
If you are unhappy
with any of the answers then do ask for a second opinion. You
will be spending a lot of time, effort and money so
you must be sure that you know what you are getting
at the end of treatment.
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